Understanding the ISPS Code is essential for anyone involved in international maritime operations, from ship owners and operators to port authorities.
In this article, we will explore the key aspects of the ISPS Code, including its objectives, scope, and implementation requirements. We’ll discuss who needs to comply with the code, the respective roles and responsibilities of key personnel, and the impact it has had on the shipping industry and global trade.
What Does ISPS Stand for in Shipping?
The International Ship and Port Facility Security Code was established in 2002 following the 9/11 attacks.
As a part of the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) Convention, the objective of this code is to enhance maritime security by setting measures for ships and port facilities.
Different Security Levels of ISPS
The ISPS Code defines three security levels.
Security Level 1 is the normal level requiring minimum protective measures. It is applicable when there is no specific threat.
Security Level 2 is a heightened level. It requires additional protective measures and is activated when there is a heightened risk of a security incident.
Security Level 3 is the highest. It is set when a security incident is probable or imminent, and it requires specific protective measures that may include restricted access to certain areas or increased surveillance.
Security Measures in ISPS
Ship Security Plan (SSP)
Ship Security Plan (SSP) is a detailed plan developed for each ship. It includes measures to prevent unauthorized access, respond to security threats, and secure sensitive information.
Onboard Security Assessments
Onboard Security Assessments are performed to identify potential vulnerabilities on the ship. These assessments are part of creating and updating the Ship Security Plan.
The process involves:
- Inspecting all parts of the ship for weak points
- Evaluating the effectiveness of existing security measures
- Identifying areas requiring additional controls
Port Facility Security
Port Facility Security is critical to protecting the ship while docked. Each port must have a Port Facility Security Plan (PFSP).
The PFSP includes:
- Access control measures
- Procedures for handling cargo and baggage
- Surveillance and monitoring systems
Security levels might change based on current threats. Ports use various technologies like CCTV and access controls to monitor activities. Training and coordination between port and ship security teams are vital. They ensure seamless implementation of security protocols.
Collaboration with local government agencies helps address appropriate security concerns. This joint effort aids in creating a secure environment for ship operations at the port.
What are the Functional Requirements of ISPS?
The International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code includes several key functional requirements.
The main functional requirements of the ISPS Code are:
- Gathering and assessing information related to security threats and exchanging such information with appropriate Contracting Governments.
- Maintaining communication protocols for ships and port facilities.
- Preventing unauthorized access to ships, port facilities, and their restricted areas.
- Preventing the introduction of unauthorized weapons, incendiary devices, or explosives to ships or port facilities.
- Providing means for raising alarms in reaction to security threats or security incidents.
- Requiring ship and port facility security plans based on security assessments.
- Requiring training, drills, and exercises to ensure familiarity with security plans and procedures.
- Monitor the activities of people and cargo operations.
Who Has to Comply with ISPS?
Ships from all countries that signed the SOLAS treaty and are engaged in international travel should comply with ISPS.
Furthermore, passenger ships of all sizes engaged in international voyages, cargo ships, high-speed craft, mobile offshore drilling units, and port facilities serving ships engaged in international trade and voyages should also comply with ISPS.
However, the ISPS Code does not apply to:
- Warships.
- Naval auxiliaries.
- Other non-commercially operated, government-owned ships.
- Ships with less than 500 GT.
- Non-commercial yachts.
- Wooden ships.
- Fishing boats.
What is the ISPS Charge?
The ISPS Charge, also known as the ISPS surcharge, is an additional fee imposed by shipping companies and port operators to cover the costs associated with implementing the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code.
The ISPS Charge typically includes two main components:
- Carrier Security Fee (CSF): This is a surcharge imposed by shipping carriers to cover the costs they incur in maintaining security measures as required by the ISPS Code.
- Terminal Security Charge (TSC): This fee is charged by terminal operators to cover the costs of implementing security measures at port facilities.
These charges are generally included in the overall freight quote, and the party responsible for paying the freight (either the shipper or the consignee) is also responsible for paying the ISPS surcharge.
The amount of the ISPS Charge can vary depending on factors such as the type and size of the vessel, the security infrastructure of the port facilities, the security threat levels in specific regions, and the shipping routes.
Typically, the ISPS charge ranges from $10 to $20 per container for shipments imported to the U.S.. If you want an accurate quote, please contact us.
Frequently Asked Questions
How does the ISPS Code enhance maritime security?
The ISPS Code boosts maritime security by providing a standardized framework for identifying and dealing with potential threats. Measures include stricter access controls, regular security drills, and enhanced surveillance technologies to monitor ships and port facilities.
What certifications are required for compliance with the ISPS Code?
To comply with the ISPS Code, both ships and port facilities must obtain a Statement of Compliance and an International Ship Security Certificate. These certifications prove that the necessary security measures and protocols are in place.
How can I find the official ISPS Code documentation for reference?
You can access the official ISPS Code documentation on the International Maritime Organization (IMO) website. This resource offers comprehensive guidelines, detailed requirements, and answers to frequently asked questions about the ISPS Code.